Type 316 steel is an austeniticchromiumnickel stainless steel that contains between two and 3% molybdenum. It has almost the same physical and mechanical properties as 304 stainless steel, and contains a similar material makeup. While the old aisi three digit stainless steel numbering system e. Austenitic stainless steel, which is usually referred to as the 300 series, is ideally suited to laser welding, table 4. Stainless steel general information st st introduction. Stainless steels stainless 316 properties, fabrication. Stainless steel datasheets revised november 2011 page 1 of 1 au austenitic stainless steels 301, 301l, 301ln high strength for roll formed structural components 302hq low work hardening rate grade for cold heading fasteners 303, 303se free machining bar grades 304, 304l, 304h standard 188 grades 310, 310s, 310h high temperature resistant.
To view this site, you must enable javascript or upgrade to a javascriptcapable browser. The advantageous properties of stainless steels can be seen when compared to standard plain carbon mild steel. Where special steel properties are called for, we can tailor our products to meet specific customer demands. The molybdenum gives 316 better overall corrosion resistant properties than grade 304, particularly higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments. There is a variety of different types of 316 stainless steel. Astm a479 grade 316l annealed austenitic stainless steel. Stainless steel is the term used to describe a versatile family of engineering materials, which are selected primarily for their corrosion and heat resistant properties. Supra 3164401 is an austenitic stainless steel that belongs to the standard crnimo stainless steel family and has normal carbon, nickel, and molybdenum content.
Supra 3164401 is a normalcarbon alternative to supra 3164404 that is widely used for various applications. Grade 316 is an austenitic grade second only to 304 in commercial importance. The most common type of 304 stainless steel is the 188 or 188 steel, which constitutes 18% chromium and 8% nickel. Designers will find among the stainless steels, properties capable of meeting a wide range of manufacturing and enduse requirements. Stainless steel has several properties that make it the perfect choice for you next asme pressure vessel connections forging project. Alloy 416 is a martensitic, free machining, chromium steel alloy that is generally considered to be the first free machining stainless steel.
The addition of molybdenum increases the corrosion resistance of 316 stainless over the more. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. It has good drawability the combination of low yield strength and high elongation permits fabrication into complex shapes. Examples and applications cold rolled steels difference between aisi 316, aisi 316l and aisi 316ln stainless steel electrical steel. Tables of technical properties of stainless steels flat products the selection of the appropriate stainless steel grade for each applic ation is the result of variou s considerations. The most basic difference between the grades of steel is the presence of molybdenum in stainless 316. Many varieties of stainless steel have a high ductility. Stainless 316, 316l, 317, 317l united performance metals.
The higher cost of 316 and 316l stainless steel is well worth it when the application requires their specific properties. It has the highest machinability of any stainless steel at about 85% of. Minimum mechanical properties for annealed types 316, 316l, 317 and 317l austenitic stainless steel plate, sheet and strip as required by astm specifications a240 and asme specification sa240, are shown below. Stainless steels stainless 316 properties, fabrication and. There are 45 suppliers who sells 316 stainless steel material properties on, mainly located in asia. The old aisi three digit stainless steel numbering system e. Forged components offers highquality stainless steel custom pressure vessel connections. Type 316 stainless steel in an environment of 25% phosphoric acid, and.
Three general classifications are used to identify stainless steels. Types 316 and 317 are considerably more resistant than any of the other chromiumnickel types to solutions of sulfuric acid. The molybdenum allows ss 316 to be more resistance to corrosion overall, with specific resistance against chlorine pitting. Grade aisi 316 stainless steel, ss316 uns s31600 properties. The particular application for which stainless steel will be used determines the type and grade of stainless steel. The l means that the carbon content of the alloy is below 0. They also have excellent toughness and can be used in the food, marine, chemical and architectural fields. Each is slightly different, and each is used for different purposes. Its main function in stainless 316 is to help fight off corrosion from chlorides.
Typical uses include exhaust manifolds, furnace parts, heat exchangers, jet engine parts, pharmaceutical and photographic equipment, valve and pump trim, chemical equipment. Selecting a stainless steel early uses of stainless steels were limited to such applications as gun barrels, cutlery, and nitric acid tanks. In the annealed condition, it is a ready choice for forming and cold heading. This alloy is nonmagnetic in the annealed condition, but becomes magnetic when cold worked. Stainless 316 contains more nickel than stainless 304, while 304 contains more. Austenitic stainless steels with higher molybdenum or. Alloy 316 316l is molybdenumbearing austenitic stainless steel. Within the scope of the astm type 301 specification, chemical composition and processing modifications can result in a wide range of engineered material properties targeted at specific applications. It has the highest machinability of any stainless steel at about 85% of that of a free machining carbon steel. The 316 family is a group of austenitic stainless steels with superior corrosion resistance to 304 stainless steels. A major difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel is the chemical composition, with 316 containing a significant amount of molybdenum. Properties, types, production, and applications hot rolled steels introduction to steel grades materials used in bridges stainless steel. At temperatures as high as 120f 49c, types 316 and 317 are resistant to concentrations of this acid up to 5 percent.
Please contact us if you require special steel types other than those shown in the table. In metallurgy, stainless steel, also known as inox steel or inox from french inoxydable inoxidizable, is a steel alloy, with a minimum of 11% chromium content by mass and a maximum of 1. Stainless steel 316 is a chromiumnickel based steel that possesses increased levels of resistance against several substances, due to the addition of molybdenum in its composition. Properties of stainless steel forged vessel components. The properties, applications and fabrication details are provided for 316 stainless steel. Our fully integrated mills include all stages in the manufacturing process. Stainless steel can be cold worked to achieve the perfect balance between strength and ductility. Reference is often made to stainless steel in the singular sense as if it were one material. The higher cost of 316 and 316l stainless steel is well worth it. The added molybdenum makes the metal more resistant to pitting and corrosion, as well as improving resistance when exposed to elevated temperatures. The higher nickel and molybdenum content in this grade allows it to demonstrate better overall corrosion resistant properties than 304, especially with regard to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments. The higher molybdenum content results in grade 316 possessing increased corrosion resistance. Considered a 12% chromium steel, it offers superb combinations of strength and toughness depending on degree of heat treatments.
The molybdenum content increases corrosion resistance, improves resistance to pitting in chloride ion solutions, and increases strength at high temperatures. Other applications include fasteners and screens for. Supra 3164401 is an austenitic stainless steel that belongs to the standard crnimo stainless steel family and. Stainless steel datasheets revised november 2011 page 1 of 1 au austenitic stainless steels 301, 301l, 301ln high strength for roll formed structural components 302hq low work hardening rate grade for cold heading fasteners 303, 303se free machining bar grades 304, 304l, 304h standard 188 grades. Stainless steels for springs and other demanding applications. Ss316 is better than ss304 in terms of corrosion resistance, heat resistance and certain properties, but the price is higher than aisi 304, for more details, please check stainless steel grade 304 vs 316, and 316 vs 316l.
Stainless strip and wire to meet the needs of a variety of applications, we offer a wide range of steel grades with different properties. Tensile strength measures the resistance of a material to breaking under tension. Hardness is measured by hv or hrb only, depending upon the sheet thickness. Molybdenum is a chemical element used for the strengthening and hardening of steel. May 18, 2005 grade 316 is an austenitic grade second only to 304 in commercial importance. Characterised by high corrosion resistance in marine and industrial atmospheres, it exhibits excellent resistance to chloride attack and against complex suphur compounds employed in. Learn more about the mechanical properties of the 316 stainless steel materials we use in our threaded insert products. Well known stainless steel as well, with very high corrosion resistance, it is usually reserved to very aggressive. Type 316 steel is an austenitic chromiumnickel stainless steel that contains between two and 3% molybdenum.
Type 301 is an austenitic chromiumnickel stainless steel. General properties types 316 uns s31600, 316l s31603, 317 s31700 and 317l s31703 are molybdenumbearing austenitic stainless steels which are more resistant to general corrosion and pitting crevice corrosion than the conventional chromiumnickel austenitic stainless steels such as type 304. The particular application for which stainless steel will be used determines the type and grade of. Primarily a cold rolled product, it is available as hot rolled when. Austenitic stainless steel an overview sciencedirect. The use of a higher alloyed filler metal can be necessary due to the cast structure of the weld metal. Austenitic stainless steels are especially ductile, with elongation exceeding 50 percent. Penn stainless inventory now includes alloy 416 uns s41600 in plate and round bar products. Stainless steel uses chromium to create a protective, selfhealing oxide layer. In order to assis t the reader in this selection, euro inox makes the following tables of technical properties available. These alloys also offer higher creep, stresstorupture and tensile strength at elevated temperature. Type 316 grade stainless steel is particularly effective in acidic environments. We have 18 suppliers for astm a479 grade 316l annealed.
In addition to excellent corrosion resistance and strength properties, the types 316, 316l, 317, and. Due to higher level of molybdenum and nickel, it has higher corrosion and pitting resistance than 304 stainless sheet. The l designation means 316l steel has less carbon than 316. Stainless steel specifications, grades and properties. Stainless steels are most notable for their corrosion resistance, which increases with increasing chromium content. Hex bolt length is measured from under the head to the end of the bolt. Alloy 316316l is molybdenumbearing austenitic stainless steel. This new edition takes into account advances in understanding in the structural behaviour. It is a complete revision of the design manual for structural stainless steel, which was prepared by the steel construction institute between 1989 and 1992 and published by euro inox in 1994. Design guidelines for the selection and use of stainless steel nidl distributed by. An example of this is the new term for 304, which is s30400. Construction encasement, doors, windows and armatures, offshore technology, cisterns and tubes for chemical tankers. Well known stainless steel grade, very close to the 201 grade but with lower mechanical properties. Types 316 and 316l are molybdenumbearing austenitic stainless steel which are more resistant to general corrosion and pittingcrevice corrosion than the conventional chromium nickel austenitic stainless steel such as type 304.
Minimum room temperature mechanical properties, astm a240 and a666 specifications. Mar 22, 2018 a major difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel is the chemical composition, with 316 containing a significant amount of molybdenum. Characterised by high corrosion resistance in marine and industrial atmospheres, it exhibits excellent resistance to chloride attack and against complex suphur compounds employed in the pulp and paper. Stainless steel 316 and 316l grade 316 is the standard molybdenumbearing grade, second inoverall volume production to 304 amongst the austenitic stainless steels. Austenitic stainless steel has a thermal conductivity of one third of carbon steel and is a superior absorber of laser. Types 316 s31600, 316l s31603, 317 s31700, 317l s31703. A heat treatment after welding is normally is normally not usual. The addition of molybdenum increases the corrosion resistance of. Other applications include fasteners and screens for the mining industry. In addition, alloy 316 316l provides excellent elevated. It is a generalpurpose stainless of which there are numerous modifications. Stainless steel 410 is a martensitic stainless steel that is air or oil hardened and responds well to hardening and tem pering operations. The difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel metal. Selecting the correct grade will ensure the product will have a long trouble free life.
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